Selected and compiled by Jacquelyn Coughlan, M.S., M..L.S.

Agar, M. H. (1980). The professional stranger: An informal introduction to ethnography (2nd ed.). New York: Academic Press.

Aguilar, J. L. (1981). Insider research: An ethnography of a debate. In D. A. Messerschmidt (Ed.), Anthroplogists at home in North America: Methods & issues in the study of one's own society (pp. 15-26). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Atkinson, P., & Hammersley, M. (1994). Ethnography and participant observation. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 248-261). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Baillie, L. (1995, December). Ethnography and nursing research: A critical appraisal. Nurse Researcher, 3(2), 5-21.

Boyle, J. (1994). Styles of ethnography. In J. Morse (Ed.), Critical issues in qualitative research methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Calbraith, D., & Dip, H. E. (2000, November 15). Ethnography in nursing research. Nursing Standard, 15(9), 29.

Chaitin, J. (2003, October). Keynote address: Fourth advances in qualitative methods conference: I wish he hadn't told me that: Methodological and ethical issues in social trauma and conflict research. Qualitatitve Health Research, 13(8), 1145-1154.

Clough, P. T. (1992). The end(s) of ethnography: From realism to social criticism. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Corless, I. B., Nicholas, P. K., & Nokes, K. M. (2001). Issues in cross-cultural quality of life research. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 33(1), 15-20.

Curtis, R. (2002, October). Coexisting in the real world: The problems, surprises and delights of being an ethnographer on a multidisciplinary research project. International Journal of Drug Policy, 13(4), 297-310.

Davies, C. A. (2002). Reflexive ethnography: A guide to researching selves and others. New York: Routledge.

dela Cruz, F. A., Padilla, G. V., & Agustin, E. O. (2000, July) Adapting a measure of acculturation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 11(3), 191-198.

Denzin, N. (1996). Interpretive ethnography: Ethnographic practices in the 21st century. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

DeSantis, L. (1994, October). Making anthropology clinically relevant to nursing care. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 20(4), 707-15.

Diez Lopez, I., Ardura Fernandez, J., Palacin Minguez, E., & Cardaba Arranz, M. (2002). [Influence of gypsy ethnicity on hospital admission and diagnostic group among infants]. Anales Espanoles de Pediatria, 57(3), 215-219.

Dootson, S. (1995, July). An in-depth study of triangulation. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 22(1), 183-187.

Draper, J. (2002, April). Ethnographic research: A reader. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 38(2), 208.

Eyton, J., & Neuwirth, G. (1984). Cross-cultural validity: Ethnocentrism in health studies with special reference to the Vietnamese. Social Science & Medicine, 18(5), 447-453.

Feghali, E. K. (1997, August). Arab cultural communication patterns. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 21(3), 345-378.

Fetterman, D. M. (1998). Ethnography, step by step (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Fine, G. A., & Elsbach, K. D. (2000, January). Ethnography and experiment in social psychological theory building: Tactics for integrating qualitative field data with quantitative lab data. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 36(1), 51-76.

Flores, G., Fuentes-Afflick, E., Carter-Pokras, O., et al. (2001, October). Why ethnicity and race are so important in child health services research today. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 155(10), 1178-9.

Forrest, D. V. (1997, December). Writing at the margin: Discourse between anthropology and medicine. American Journal of Psychiatry, 154(12), 1781-1782.

Fraser, H. (2004). Doing narrative research: Analysing personal stories line by line. Qualitative Social Work, 3(2), 179-201.

Galanti, G. A. (1999, July). How to do ethnographic research. Western Journal of Medicine, 171, 19-20.

Germain, C. P. (1993). Ethnography: The method. In P. L. Munhall & C. O. Boyd (Eds), Nursing research: A qualitative perspective (pp. 237-268). New York: National League for Nurses Press.

Gerrish, K. (2000, October). Ethnography in nursing research. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 32(4), 1035.

Ginsberg, P. E. (1998, Autumn). Cross-cultural research, ethnography and the multitrait-multimethod matrix. The American Journal of Evaluation, 19(3), 411-415.

Green, J. W. (1995). Cultural awareness in the human services: A multi-ethnic approach. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

Guillemin, F., Bombardier, C., & Beaton, D. (1993). Cross-cultural adaptation of health-related quality of life measures: Literature review and proposed guidelines. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 46, 1417-1432.

Hammersley, M. (1992). What's wrong with ethnography? Methodological explorations. New York: Routledge.

Harkness, J. A., Vijver, F. J. R. van de., & Mohler, P. P. (2003). Cross-cultural survey methods. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

Heeseung, C. (2002). Understanding adolescent depression in ethnocultural context. Advances in Nursing Science, 25(2), 71.

Hodgson, I. (2001). Engaging with cultures: Reflections on entering the ethnographic field. Nurse Researcher, 9(1), 41-51.

Jeffreys, M. R., & Smodlaka, I. (1999, May). Construct validation of the Transcultural Self-Efficacy Tool. Journal of Nursing Education, 38(5), 222-227.

Jezenwski, M. A. (1995). Evolution of a grounded theory: Conflict resolution through culture brokering. Advances in Nursing Science, 17, 14-30.

Jones, P. S., Lee, J. W., Phillips, L. R., Zhang, X. E., & Jaceldo, K. B. (2001, September-October). An adaptation of Brislin's translation model for cross-cultural research. Nursing Research, 50(5), 300-4.

Kanuha, V. K. (2000, October). 'Being' native versus 'going native': Conducting social work research as an insider. Social Work, 45(5), 439-447.

Kelly, B., & Long, A. (2001, January). Ethnography: A suitable case for nursing: All Ireland. Journal Nursing Midwifery, 1(4), 135-40.

Kendall, L. (1987). Cold wombs in balmy Honolulu: Ethnogynecology among Korean immigrants. Social Science and Medicine, 25(4), 367-376.

Khalaf, I., & Callister, L. C. (1997, December). Cultural meanings of childbirth: Muslim women living in Jordan. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 15(4), 373-378.

Kleinman, A., & Becker, A. E. (1998, July/August). Sociosomatics: The contributions of anthropology to psychosomatic medicine [Special issue]. Cross-cultural Research, 60(4), 389-393.

Kristijansson, E. A., Desrochers, A., & Zumbo, B. (2003, June). Translating and adapting measurement instruments for cross-linguistic and cross-cultural research: A guide for practitioners. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research, 35(2), 127-142.

Kwan, B. (2001). Guidelines and categories for classifying participatory research projects in health promotion. In C. J. Frankish, P. Ratner, & J. W. Higgins (Eds.), Development and evaluation of a model of community participation. Retrieved January 22, 2003, from http://www.ihpr.ubc.ca/guidelines.html

Lange, J. W. (2002). Methodological concerns for non-Hispanic investigators conducting research with Hispanic Americans. Research in Nursing and Health, 25, 411-419.

Laugharne, C. (1995, December). Ethnography: Research method or philosophy? Nurse Researcher, 3(2), 45-54.

La Viest, T. A. (1994). Beyond dummy variables and sample selection: What health services researchers ought to know about race as a variable. Health Services Research, 29, 1-16.

Lawlor, M. C., & Mattingly, C. F. (2001, March-April). Beyond the unobtrusive observer: Reflections on researcher-informant relationships in urban ethnography. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 55(2), 147-54.

Leaning, J. (2001, May 5th). Ethics of research in refugee populations. The Lancet, 357(266), 1432.

Leininger, M. (1985). Ethnography and ethnonursing: Models and modes of qualitative data analysis. In M. Leininger (Eds.), Qualitative research methods in nursing. Orlando, FL: Grune and Stratton.

Leininger, M. (1990). Ethnomeds: The philosophic and epistemic bases to explicate transcultural nursing knowledge. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 1(2), 40-51.

Leininger, M. (1997). Overview of the theory of culture care with the ethnonursing research method. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 8(2), 32-52.

Lillard, A. (1998, January). Ethnopsychologies: Cultural variations in theories of mind. Psychological Bulletin, 123(1), 3-32.

Lipson, J. G., & Meleis, A. I. (1989). Methodological issues in research with immigrants. Medical Anthropology, 12, 103-115.

Lonner, W. J., & Berry, J. W. (1986). Field methods in cross-cultural research. Beverly Hills: Sage.

Lott, J. P. (2005). Module three: Vulnerable/special participant populations. Developing World Bioethics, 5, 30-55.

Lowry, M. (2000, June). The ethnographic self. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 31(6), 1531.

Meleis, A. I. (1996, December). Culturally competent scholarship: Substance and rigor. Advances in Nursing Science, 19(2), 1-16.

Meyer, M. C., Torres, S., Cermeno, N., Maclean, L., & Monzon, R. (2003, November). Immigrant women implementing participatory research in health promotion. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 25(7), 815-834.

Mill, J. E. (2003). Establishing methodological rigour in international qualitative nursing research: A case study from Ghana. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 41, 80-87.

Morris, M., & Muzychka, M. (2002). Participatory research and action: A guide to becoming a researcher for social change. Ottawa, Canada: Canadian Research Institute for the Advancement of Women.

Morsy, S. A. (1993). Gender, sickness, and healing in rural Egypt: Ethnography in historical context. San Francisco: Westview Press.

Mueck, M. A. (1992). Nursing research with refugees: A review and guide. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 14(6), 703-720.

Mull, D. S., Nguyen, N., & Mull, J. D. (2001, November). Vietnamese diabetic patients and their physicians: What ethnography can teach us. The Western Journal of Medicine, 175(5), 307-314.

Neufeld, A., Harrison, M. J., Hughes, K. D., Spitzer, D., & Stewart, M. J. (2001). Participation of immigrant women family caregivers in qualitative research. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 23(6), 575-591.

Nokes, K. M., Corless, I. B., & Nicholas, P. K. (2001). Issues in cross-cultural quality-of-life research. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 33(1), 15-20.

Omidian, P. (2000). Qualitative measures and refugee research: The case of Afghan refugees. In F. Ahearn (Ed.), Psychosocial wellness of refugees: Studies in forced migration (pp. 39-66). New York: Berghahn Books.

Pachter, L. M. (1993). Introduction: Latino folk illnesses: Methological considerations. Medical Anthropology, 15, 103-108.

Page, S. (1997, March). Ethnography--principles in practice. Journal of Nursing Management, 5(2), 127-128.

Parfitt, B. A. (1996, August). Using Spradley: An ethnosemantic approach to research. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 24(2), 341-349.

Pasick, R. J., D'Onofrio, C. N., & Otero-Sabogal, R. (1996). Problems and progress in development and translation of health survey questions across ethnic groups: The pathways experience. Health Education Quotient, 23, S28-S40.

Pasick, R. J., Stewart, S. L., et al. (2001). Quality of data in multiethnic health surveys. Public Health Reports, 116(Suppl. 1), 223-243.

Patsdaughter, C., Christensen, M., Kelley, B., Masters, J., & Ndiwane, A. (2001). Meeting folks where they are: Collection from ethnic groups in the community. Journal of Cultural Diversity, 8(4), 122-127.

Pernice, R. (1994, August). Methodological issues in research with refugees and immigrants. Professional Psychology--Research & Practice, 25(3), 207-213.

Porter, S., & Ryan, S. (1996, August). Breaking the boundaries between nursing and sociology: A critical realist ethnography of the theory-practice gap. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 24(2), 413-420.

Power, R. (2001, September 1). Checklists for improving rigour in qualitative research: Never mind the tail (checklist), check out the dog (research). British Medical Journal, 323(7311), 514-515.

Procter, N. (1998). Research note. Nursing practice and ethnography: A mental health nursing response to threatened violence in ethnographic fieldwork. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 7, 116-123.

Purnell, L. (2000). A description of the Purnell model for cultural competence. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 11, 40-46.

Reed-Danahay, D. E. (1997). Auto/ethnography: Rewriting the self and the social. Oxford, England: Berg.

Robertson, M. H. B., & Boyle, J. S. (1984). Ethnography: Contributions to nursing research. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 9, 43-49.

Romney, A. K., Weller, S. C., & Batchelder, W. H. (1986). Culture as consensus: A theory of culture and informant accuracy. American Anthropologist, 88, 313-338.

Rose, D. (1993). Doing critical ethnography. Newbury Park: Sage.

Rutherford, M. S., & Roux, G. M. (2002, Spring). Health beliefs and practices in rural El Salvador: An ethnographic study. Journal of Cultural Diversity, 9(1), 3-11.

Sasao, T., & Sue, S. (1993). Toward a culturally anchored ecological framework of research in ethnic-cultural communities. American Journal of Community Psychology, 21, 705-727.

Savage, J. (2000, December 2). Ethnography and health care. British Medical Journal, 321(7273), 1400-1402.

Savage, J. (2000). Participative observation: Standing in the shoes of others? Qualitative Health Research, 10, 324-339.

Schensul, S. L. Essential ethnographic methods: Observations, interviews, and Questionnaires. Altamira Press.

Spradley, J. P. (1979). The ethnographic interview. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College.

Stewart, A. L., & Naoples-Springer, A. (2000). Health-related quality-of-life assessments in diverse population groups in the United States. Medical Care, 38(9)(Suppl. II), 102-124.

Tollefson, J., Francis, D., Usher, K., & Owens, J. (2001, June) What you ask is what you get: Learning or interviewing in qualitative research. Contemporary Nurse, 10(3/4), 258-64.

Vallaster, C. (2000, December). Conducting field research in Asia: Fundamental differences as compared to western societies. Culture and Psychology, 6(4), 461-476.

Vijver, F. J. R., & Kwok, L. (1997). Methods and data analysis for cross-cultural research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Walters, L. H., Warzywoda-Kruszynska, W., & Gurko, T. (2002, Summer). Cross-cultural studies of families: Hidden differences. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 33(3), 433-449.

Warnecke, R. B., Johnson, T. P., Chavez, N., Sudman, S., O'Rourke, D. P., & Lacey, L. (1997, July). Improving question wording in surveys of culturally diverse populations. The Annals of Epidemiology, 7(5), 334-342.

Wellard, S., & McKenna, L. (2001, December). Turning tapes into text: Issues surrounding the transcription of interviews. Contemporary Nurse, 11(2/3), 180-6.

Whiteford, G. E., & Wilcock, A. A. (2000, December). Cultural relativism: Occupation and independence reconsidered. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 67(5), 324-36.

Willgerodt, M. A. (2003). Using focus groups to develop culturally relevant instrument translation. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 25, 798-814.

Williams, D. R., Lavizzo-Mourey, R., & Warren, R. C. (1994). The concept of race and health status in America. Public Health Reports, 109, 26-41.

Willis, P., & Trondman, M. (2000). Manifesto for ethnography. Ethnography, 1(1), 5-16.

Wimpenny, P., & Gass, J. (2000, June). Interviewing in phenomenology and grounded theory: Is there a difference? Journal of Advanced Nursing, 31(6), 1485-1492.

Yelland, M., & Gifford, S. (1995). Problems of focus group methods in cross-cultural research: A case study of beliefs about sudden infant death syndrome. Australian Journal of Public Health, 19(3), 257-263.

Zhan, L., & Chen, J. (2004, April). Medication practices among Chinese American older adults influences: A study of cultural. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 30(4), 24-33.

Zoucha, R. D. (1998, January-June). The experiences of Mexican Americans receiving professional nursing care: An ethnonursing study. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 9(2), 34-44.